

{"id":70060,"date":"2021-09-24T04:59:22","date_gmt":"2021-09-24T04:59:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/?p=70060"},"modified":"2022-09-24T08:05:12","modified_gmt":"2022-09-24T08:05:12","slug":"black-and-white-thinking-in-relationships","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/relationship\/black-and-white-thinking-in-relationships\/","title":{"rendered":"10 Ways How Black and White Thinking Affects Your Relationship"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-70064\" src=\"https:\/\/image.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ways-how-black-and-white-thinking-affects-your-relationship.jpg\" alt=\"Young Thinking Couple Looking at Each Other\" width=\"804\" height=\"350\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black and white thinking in relationships can lead to conflict and ultimately cause relationship breakup. Black and white thinking psychology offers an explanation for what this type of thinking is, as well as how it can cause problems.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here, learn what thinking black and white means, as well as why it is damaging and how to stop thinking in this way. With a little effort, you can overcome this rigid form of thinking and enjoy more satisfying relationships.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-is-black-and-white-thinking\"><\/span>What is black and white thinking<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some people may not even realize they are engaging in black and white thinking, because they do not know what it means. Put simply, this type of thinking can be described as dichotomous thinking, or &ldquo;either-or&rdquo; thinking. For instance, a person who shows black and white thinking in relationships may believe that the relationship is either going perfectly, or it is going horribly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/jpr.12328\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Researchers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have also labeled black and white thinking as a type of cognitive distortion or thinking error, in which people rigidly process information and label it as belonging to one category or an opposite category, such as &ldquo;good&rdquo; or &ldquo;bad.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A person who thinks in black and white will not see the gray area in between.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some black and white thinking examples are below:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&ldquo;If I do not do a task perfectly, the entire thing is a failure.&rdquo;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If I miss one problem on my math exam, I am bad at math.&rdquo;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&ldquo;If my partner hurts my feelings one time, they must not love me.&rdquo;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I made a mistake at work. I am not competent at my job.&rdquo;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">My way of doing things is the only correct way.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sarah was angry at our meeting yesterday. She must be a bad person.&rdquo;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">My boyfriend forgot to take out the trash. He&rsquo;s a horrible partner.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul><pre><em><strong>Related Reading:&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/relationship\/10-tips-to-creating-your-perfect-relationship-this-year\/\">10 Tips to Creating Your Perfect Relationship<\/a><\/em><\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-causes-black-and-white-thinking\"><\/span>What causes black and white thinking<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While occasionally engaging in dichotomous thinking may be part of human nature, seeing the world in black and white at all times is problematic and can have a variety of causes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0191886917305329?casa_token=Bo7wguBFJ5oAAAAA:IDgeX4FHaxPJfKHaEIV3yiE0l1L3USxBF2PvndumM_QC8QWmDR0GdFgRzF6Pm0NsbFcZ2hiFxWbE\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">experts<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> explain, seeing the gray area between black and white can be more mentally demanding and require more time, so people may quickly categorize something as belonging to one category or its binary opposite, simply because it is easy or automatic.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some specific causes of black and white thinking in relationships are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0191886917305329?casa_token=Bo7wguBFJ5oAAAAA:IDgeX4FHaxPJfKHaEIV3yiE0l1L3USxBF2PvndumM_QC8QWmDR0GdFgRzF6Pm0NsbFcZ2hiFxWbE\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, narcissism, psychopathology, and a manipulative personality type can contribute to black and white thinking.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conditions like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4314927\/#:~:text=Black%20and%20white%20thinking%2C%20a,reality%20and%20causes%20significant%20distress.\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">depression<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can result in extreme thinking, including thinking black and white.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mental health conditions and personality disorders, in general, may lead to black and white thought processes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The experience of trauma can cause a person to use all or nothing thinking in relationships as a way to cope.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eating disorders may result in dichotomous thinking, as people may view their bodies as either perfect or terribly flawed.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How-black-and-white-thinking-can-negatively-affect-you\"><\/span>How black and white thinking can negatively affect you<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While black and white thinking maybe a coping mechanism or provide a faster way to process information, it ultimately ends up being harmful.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you see the world in black and white, it actually distorts your thinking, as you may view a situation as being catastrophic or entirely negative, when in reality, there is good and bad in most situations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seeing things as being entirely negative not only clouds your judgment but can also lead to mental distress and depression. For instance, if you think that one bad day at work means you are incompetent at your job, you may begin to feel bad about yourself.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black and white thinking in relationships can also lead you to be rather judgmental. For instance, if someone makes one mistake or has one undesirable quality, you may view this person as being entirely bad. This can understandably lead to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/relationship\/8-common-problems-in-married-life\/\">problems within relationship<\/a>s.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other problems arising from black and white thinking in relationships are difficulty learning new information, the development of mental health problems, and difficulty functioning at work.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><em><strong>Related Reading:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/relationship\/solutions-for-8-common-relationship-issues\/\">How to Handle Relationship Problems Like a Pro<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How-black-and-white-thinking-ruins-relationships-10-ways\"><\/span>How black and white thinking ruins relationships: 10 ways<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-70065\" src=\"https:\/\/image.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/how-black-and-white-thinking-ruins-relationships.jpg\" alt=\"Photo of Young Sad Quarrel Loving Couple Sitting on Sofa Indoors. Looking Aside.\" width=\"804\" height=\"350\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you&rsquo;re in a committed relationship, black and white thinking can cause significant problems and even ruin relationships. Consider the following ten ways that black and what thinking is detrimental for a relationship:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>1. It can cause hurt feelings<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you are a black and white thinker, you may view your partner in an entirely negative light if they make one mistake or disagree with you in one area. This can lead to hurt feelings, which ultimately damages the relationship.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><em><strong>Related Reading:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/relationship\/behaviors-that-ruin-a-relationship\/\">&nbsp;10 Different Behaviors That Ruin a Relationship<\/a><\/em><\/pre>\n<h3><b>2. It can destroy your confidence<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you think in black and white terms, you may begin to view yourself negatively because you will not forgive yourself for mistakes. You may either see yourself as all good or all bad. When you lose your own confidence, this can be a turnoff to your partner.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>3. You will develop unrealistic expectations<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black and white thinkers tend to have unrealistic expectations of their partners, as they can be quite perfectionistic and require their partners to meet all of their needs and comply with all of their demands. No partner can live up to these expectations, which ultimately leads to the failure of the relationship.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>4. Compromise will be off the table<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since black and white thinkers see the world in an &ldquo;all or nothing&rdquo; way, they tend to have difficulty compromising. This means that when you and your partner have a disagreement, their needs or preferences may go unmet because you are so set on having things your way.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>5. Your partner may feel misunderstood<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another consequence of black and white thinking in relationships is that it can prevent you from seeing your partner&rsquo;s point of view. They may feel as if you never understand where they are coming from or that you disregard their feelings, which leads to ongoing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/relationship\/resolve-conflict-in-marriage\/\">conflict and tension within a relationship<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>6. You may make impulsive decisions about the relationship<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black and white thinking can lead you to label the relationship as being a failure after one disagreement or one bad day. This could lead you to impulsively end the relationship when it otherwise would have gone well if you had learned to work through conflict.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>7. Black and white thinking can lead you to see your partner negatively<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When your partner doesn&rsquo;t live up to your all-or-nothing expectations, you may begin to see them in a negative light when they fail to achieve perfection. This can cause the two of you to grow apart and even lead you to resent your partner so much that the relationship fails.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><em><strong>Related Reading:&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/relationship\/why-many-relationships-fail\/\">30 Reasons Why Relationships Fail (and How to Fix Them)<\/a><\/em><\/pre>\n<h3><b>8. You may not be able to forgive<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having a successful relationship requires you to see your partner as a human who will make mistakes from time to time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you are a dichotomous thinker, it can be difficult to forgive mistakes because you will begin to view your partner as inherently flawed for making a mistake in the first place. This lack of forgiveness does not make for a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/relationship\/what-is-the-definition-of-a-healthy-relationship\/\">healthy relationship<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>9. Conflict resolution will be difficult<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seeing the world in black and white makes it challenging to resolve conflict. You may be so convinced that your viewpoint is the only correct option that you are unwilling to consider your partner&rsquo;s point of view in order to move past the conflict and arrive at a mutual understanding.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check out this video by Tom Ferriss to understand ways of resolving conflicts in the relationship:<\/span><br><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-MipU5oa3JM\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3><b>10. You might miss out on opportunities to grow the relationship<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having a dichotomous thinking style can lead you to live your life according to a list of &ldquo;shoulds.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, you may believe that you should wait until you&rsquo;ve been together for a year before taking a vacation with your partner or that you shouldn&rsquo;t get engaged until you&rsquo;ve been together for three years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This can lead your partner to feel rejected or as if you don&rsquo;t take the relationship seriously if you pass up a trip together or turn down a proposal because it doesn&rsquo;t fit within your exact timeline.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8-ways-to-change-black-and-white-thinking\"><\/span>8 ways to change black and white thinking<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-70066\" src=\"https:\/\/image.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ways-to-change-black-and-white-thinking.jpg\" alt=\"High Angle View of Smiling Couple Relaxing and Lying Down in Bed .they Are Looking at Each Other\" width=\"804\" height=\"350\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you&rsquo;re noticing the negative effects of dichotomous thinking in your relationships, you&rsquo;re probably wondering how to stop black and white thinking. Consider the tips below:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Get other people&rsquo;s opinions<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you&rsquo;re stuck in a pattern of black and white thinking and it has harmed your relationships, consider getting an opinion from a trusted friend or loved one.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instead of jumping to the conclusion that your partner is a horrible person because they made a mistake, run the situation by your friend. Chances are, your friend will be able to place the situation in context and offer a more rational point of view.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Make a list of alternatives<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you&rsquo;re tempted to engage in dichotomous thinking, try to make a list of multiple alternatives. For instance, if you&rsquo;ve convinced yourself that your partner is a bad person because of one bad day in the relationship, write out some alternative ways to view the situation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This might include, &ldquo;We both had a stressful day at work, and we took our frustrations out on each other, but we can do better next time.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Try to remove words like &ldquo;Always&rdquo; and &ldquo;Never&rdquo; from your vocabulary<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Making extreme statements, such as, &ldquo;You&rsquo;re never on time!&rdquo; is a pretty good indication that you&rsquo;re a black and white thinker.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Try to remove these words from your vocabulary and replace them with words like &ldquo;Sometimes,&rdquo; &ldquo;Often,&rdquo; or &ldquo;Rarely&rdquo; to remind yourself that when world isn&rsquo;t always so black and white.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Challenge yourself to prove that your thought is true<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you see the world in black and white, you&rsquo;re probably prone to some extreme thinking, such as, &ldquo;My partner hates me!&rdquo; after an argument. Instead of jumping to such a conclusion, make a list of facts that support your extreme thinking, as well as facts that show it isn&rsquo;t true.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You&rsquo;ll probably find there isn&rsquo;t much evidence that your black and white thinking represents reality.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Reframe your thinking<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you&rsquo;re stuck in a cycle of black and white thinking, it can be helpful to reframe your thoughts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instead of telling yourself that it&rsquo;s never okay to make a mistake or that an organized partner never loses things, retrain yourself to think, &ldquo;It is possible to lose something and still be organized,&rdquo; or, &ldquo;Even the best of people make mistakes.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Learn to separate people from their behaviors<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All-or-nothing thinkers tend to label people as bad based upon one bad behavior, but remember that a person is separate from their behavior. Someone who makes a mistake is not a bad person; they are simply a person who made a mistake.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Accept that other people have different viewpoints than you do<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Differences of opinion are a part of life. Once you accept this, you are less likely to let black and white thinking get in the way of healthy relationships.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Consider counseling<\/b><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you&rsquo;ve tried some strategies for overcoming dichotomous thinking but haven&rsquo;t had success, it might be time to reach out for professional intervention. In counseling, you can learn how to deal with black and white thinking and replace it with different thought patterns.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>The bottom line on black and white thinking in relationships<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black and white thinking may come naturally for some people, but it is harmful to relationships. It can result in hurt feelings, missed opportunities, and difficulty with compromising.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you&rsquo;re seeing the world in black and white, your relationships will benefit if you challenge yourself to think differently and be open to different points of view.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In some cases, managing black and white thinking can be as simple as pausing and considering alternative viewpoints. Other times, you may need professional intervention from a counselor or therapist to help you learn different ways of thinking.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This may be especially true for people who have mental health conditions, such as anxiety, depression, or trauma, that have led them toward seeing the world in black and white.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"raw":""},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Black and white thinking in relationships can lead to conflict and ultimately cause relationship breakup. Black and white thinking psychology offers an explanation for what this type of thinking is, as well as how it can cause problems. Here, learn what thinking black and white means, as well as why it is damaging and how to stop thinking in this way. With a little effort, you can overcome this rigid form of thinking and enjoy more satisfying relationships.&nbsp; What is black and white thinking Some people may not even realize they are engaging in black and white thinking, because they <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1262,"featured_media":70064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2502],"tags":[2605],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70060"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1262"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70060"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70060\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":70079,"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70060\/revisions\/70079"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/70064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70060"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70060"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marriage.com\/advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70060"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}